Knowing what happens next makes it easier.

Precision Oncology considers the biological characteristics of an individual tumour — pathology, imaging behaviour and, where useful, molecular features — when treatment options are discussed. It complements established evidence-based cancer treatment rather than replacing it.

Molecular testing is most useful when a result could realistically influence a clinical decision: in advanced or recurrent disease, when the diagnosis is unclear, when standard options have been exhausted, or when eligibility for a targeted approach or clinical trial is being assessed. It is not required for every patient.

Liquid biopsy is blood-based molecular testing, most often analysing circulating tumour DNA. It is minimally invasive and repeatable, but a negative result does not exclude an alteration, and tissue biopsy remains necessary in many situations.

No. In many cases no actionable alteration is found, and in others the finding has no established treatment implication. Testing can reduce uncertainty; it cannot guarantee a targeted option or a response to treatment.

Yes. Records such as pathology, imaging reports, molecular reports and treatment history can be reviewed in advance, followed by a remote consultation. Some situations may still require an in-person assessment.

Yes. Existing reports are often the starting point. Reviewing what has already been done frequently avoids unnecessary repeat testing.

Yes. Preliminary record review, remote consultation, second opinion and follow-up discussions can be arranged for patients outside India.

No. Computational tools can help organise and interpret complex data, but treatment decisions rest with the clinician and the patient. AI supports clinical decision-making; it does not replace clinical judgement.